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| publication# 21617 rev. a amendment/0 issue date: march 1995 1 how to perform plug and play i nitiation key with pcnet-isa ii application note title: how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii. keywords: am79c961a, pnp, plugplay, auto-config, wakeup, software, isa. product: am79c961a pcnet-isa ii jumperless, full duplex single-chip ethernet controller for isa. version: all silicon revisions. cross ref: an012001.txt (pcnet-isa+) synopsis: isa plug and play (pnp) devices are naturally quiescent following system power-on and the system reset sequence. in order for your system software to gain control of a plug and play device, to perform activities such as dynamic resource allocation by configuration management or eeprom programming by a manufacturing utility, your software must first perform two basic operations: you must wake up the pnp device; you must allocate system resources to the device. this application note takes you through the steps necessary to wake up the pnp device with the standard plug and plug initiation key, or optionally, with the special amd initiation key. then we'll cover basic plug and play register initialization for the pcnet-isa ii ethernet controller.
how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 2 plug and play in a plug and play system, all plug and play devices are quiescent on power up and following a hardware reset, therefore, each pnp device must be identified and configured by software before it can function. the pnp specification defines an access method, using standard i/o access ports and commands, that allows your software to find pnp devices, determine resources required by each pnp device, and reconfigure pnp devices to eliminate conflicts. when your software issues a special sequence of data writes to the standard i/o access ports, the pnp logic in each pnp device is enabled. once a pnp device is enabled, you can determine its resource requirements and capabilities and configure the device as needed. the special sequence of data, which is written to the standard i/o access port, is referred to as the initiation key. the tasks of identifying all pnp devices, determining all of their resource requirements, and reconfiguring pnp devices are covered in great detail in the pnp specification and will not be covered here. the goal of this application note is to describe for you the data contained in the initiation key and the procedure for issuing the initiation key. auto-configuration ports three 8-bit i/o ports are used by the plug and play configuration software on each plug and play device to communicate with the plug and play registers. the ports are listed in the table below. the software configuration space is defined as a set of 8-bit registers. these registers are used by the plug and play software configuration manager to issue commands, access the resource information, check status, and configure the pcnet-isa ii controller hardware. name location type address 0x0279 (printer status port) write only write_data 0x0a79 (printer status port + 0x0800) write only read_data relocatable: 0x0203 to 0x03ff read only table 1. auto-configuration ports. the address and write_data ports are located at fixed i/o addresses. the write_data port is located at an address alias of the address port. all three auto-configuration ports use a 12-bit isa address decode. the read_data port is relocatable within the i/o range of 0x0203 to 0x03ff. address port the internal plug and play registers are accessed by writing the address to the address port and then either reading the read_data port or writing the write_date port. once the address port has been written, any number of reads or writes can occur without having to rewrite the address port. the address port is also the address to which the initiation key is written to, which is described later. how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 3 write_data port the write_data port is the adress to which all writes to the internal plug and play registers occur. the destination of the data written to the write_data port is determined by the last value written to the address port. read_data port the read_data port is used to the read information from the internal plug and play registers. the address of the register to be read is determined by the last value written to the address port. the i/o address of the read_data port is set by writing the proper value to plug and play register 0. the 8-bit value you write in plug and play register 0 is used to match i/o address bits 1 through 8. initiation key the pcnet-isa ii controller is disabled at power-on or hardware reset when operating in plug and play mode. it will not respond to any memory or i/o accesses, nor will the pcnet-isa ii controller drive any interrupts or dma channels. the initiation key places the pcnet-isa ii plug and play logic into the configuration mode. this is accomplished by writing a predefined sequence of data to the address port. if the proper sequence of data are detected by the pcnet-isa ii controller, then the plug and play auto-configuration ports are enabled. the exact sequence of data in the initiation key is illustrated in the following table of hexadecimal values. 6a, b5, da, ed, f6, fb, 7d, be, df, 6f, 37, 1b, 0d, 86, c3, 61, b0, 58, 2c, 16, 8b, 45, a2, d1, e8, 74, 3a, 9d, ce, e7, 73, 39 table 2. plug and play initiation key. amd initiation key the pcnet-isa ii controller relies heavily on the presence of a correctly programmed serial configuration eeprom to establish run time operational parameters and to initialize the plug and play registers. when the eeprom does not exist, or in the case where there's an eeprom checksum error, pcnet-isa ii waits in the plug and play wait_for_key state. your software can gain access to the pcnet-isa ii i/o resources by writing a special amd initialization key to the plug and play address port at 0x0279. the exact sequence of data in the amd initiation key is illustrated in the following table of hexadecimal values. 6b, 35, 9a, cd, e6, f3, 79, bc, 5e, af, 57, 2b, 15, 8a, c5, e2, f1, f8, 7c, 3e, 9f, 4f, 27, 13, 09, 84, 42, a1, d0, 68, 34, 1a table 3. amd initiation key. how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 4 initiation key insider tips your software should reset the (internal linear feedback shift register) hardware to its initial value by writing two 8-bit values of 0x00 to the address port before the initiation key is sent. the i/o writes of the initiation key must be contiguous with no other i/o cycles to the controller. i recommend that you disable system interrupts while issuing the initation key in order to avoid any extraneous i/o cycles. in order to avoid the possibility of having the pcnet-isa ii controller miss the initiation key because it happened to be in the wrong state, i recommend that you send the initiation key to the controller twice in succession. plug and play register initialization plug and play register initialization is the next step after getting access to the pcnet-isa ii controller. this activity serve s two major purposes. generally, it is the point in controller initialization where you can override run time operational parameters read from the eeprom or setup initial values when the eeprom is missing or corrupted. by default, when the serial configuration eeprom is missing or contains corrupted data, the pcnet-isa ii controller clears its internal plug and play registers. specifically, it is the point in controller initialization where you can assign an isa i/o address to the plug and play device. once you have assigned the i/o address, your software can begin accessing the pcnet-isa ii controller resources: ieee address, register address port, register data port, and isacsr data port. the plug and play register initialization function provided (ip_cfg_init()), illustrates a typical code sequence to initialize the pnp registers to known working values for the reference adapter card design supplied by amd. your adapter card design may require different values. the power on default values of the plug and play registers in the pcnet-isa ii controller are shown in table 4. pnp register default 0x60 0000001x 0x61 xxx00000 0x70 00000011 0x71 00000010 0x74 00000011 0x40 00000000 0x41 00000000 0x42 00000010 0x43 00000000 0x44 xxx00000 0x48 00000000 0x49 00000000 0x4a 00000010 0x4b 00000000 0x4c xxx00000 0xf0 00000000 table 4. plug and play register default values how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 5 /**************************************************************************** name ip_esrm - exit software relocatable mode. description ip_esrm() will wake up the pcnet-isa ii controller and initialize the plug and play registers. first, the plug and play initiation key is used to get the controller to exit software relocatable mode. if this attempt fails, the amd initiation key is used to get the controller to exit software relocatable mode. if either method successful in waking the controller, the plug and play registers are initialized. calls inport() - gets a word or byte from a hardware port. function in the (borland) run-time library. arome - #define arome iobase+0xe return 00 = pcnet-isa ii plug and play device awake and pnp registers initialized. 01 = abort - adapter not found. ****************************************************************************/ int ip_esrm(void) { int cc = 0; /* send the standard plug and play initiation key. */ ip_wake1(); /* initialize the plug and play registers. */ ip_cfg_init(); /* if the target pnp device was not awakened, then we'll have to attempt the special amd initiation key. */ if ( inport(arome) != 0x5757 ) { ip_wake2(); /* ...try the secret amd handshake. */ ip_cfg_init(); /* init plug and play registers. */ /* if the pnp device is awake now, we're finished. */ if ( inport(arome) == 0x5757 ) { printf("ip_esrm: info - amd controller has been activated.\n"); } /* otherwise, the lights are on, but nobody's home. */ else { cc = 1; printf("ip_esrm: abort - unable to activate amd controller.\n"); } } else { printf("ip_esrm: info - amd controller has been activated.\n"); } return(cc); } how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 6 /**************************************************************************** name ip_wake1 - perform controller wake up sequence 1. description this function writes the standard plug and play initiation key to the plug and play address port at i/o address 0x0279. this operation is required to bring a plug and play device out of inactive mode so it can be configured. note: the standard 6a sequence works on a pcnet-isa ii controller with a configuration eeprom that contains a good checksum 2. if the configuration eeprom is missing or the eeprom checksum 2 is incorrect, then you must use the special amd 6b sequence. calls outportb() - outputs a byte to a hardware port. function in the (borland) run-time library. ****************************************************************************/ void ip_wake1(void) { int i; for ( i = 0; i < 2; i++ ) { outportb(0x279, 0x00); /* initialize lfsr. */ outportb(0x279, 0x00); /* initialize lfsr. */ outportb(0x279, 0x6a); /* 0x6a is the pnp sequence. */ outportb(0x279, 0xb5); outportb(0x279, 0xda); outportb(0x279, 0xed); outportb(0x279, 0xf6); outportb(0x279, 0xfb); outportb(0x279, 0x7d); outportb(0x279, 0xbe); outportb(0x279, 0xdf); outportb(0x279, 0x6f); outportb(0x279, 0x37); outportb(0x279, 0x1b); outportb(0x279, 0x0d); outportb(0x279, 0x86); outportb(0x279, 0xc3); outportb(0x279, 0x61); outportb(0x279, 0xb0); outportb(0x279, 0x58); outportb(0x279, 0x2c); outportb(0x279, 0x16); outportb(0x279, 0x8b); outportb(0x279, 0x45); outportb(0x279, 0xa2); outportb(0x279, 0xd1); outportb(0x279, 0xe8); outportb(0x279, 0x74); outportb(0x279, 0x3a); outportb(0x279, 0x9d); outportb(0x279, 0xce); outportb(0x279, 0xe7); outportb(0x279, 0x73); outportb(0x279, 0x39); } } how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 7 /**************************************************************************** name ip_wake2 - perform controller wake up sequence 2. description this function writes the special amd initiation key to the plug and play address port at i/o address 0x0279. this operation is required to bring a plug and play device out of inactive mode so it can be configured. note: the standard 6a sequence works on a pcnet-isa ii controller with a configuration eeprom that contains a good checksum 2. if the configuration eeprom is missing or the eeprom checksum 2 is incorrect, then you must use the special amd 6b sequence. calls outportb() - outputs a byte to a hardware port. function in the (borland) run-time library. ****************************************************************************/ void ip_wake2(void) { int i; for ( i = 0; i < 2; i++ ) { outportb(0x279, 0x00); /* initialize lfsr. */ outportb(0x279, 0x00); /* initialize lfsr. */ outportb(0x279, 0x6b); /* 0x6b is the amd sequence! */ outportb(0x279, 0x35); outportb(0x279, 0x9a); outportb(0x279, 0xcd); outportb(0x279, 0xe6); outportb(0x279, 0xf3); outportb(0x279, 0x79); outportb(0x279, 0xbc); outportb(0x279, 0x5e); outportb(0x279, 0xaf); outportb(0x279, 0x57); outportb(0x279, 0x2b); outportb(0x279, 0x15); outportb(0x279, 0x8a); outportb(0x279, 0xc5); outportb(0x279, 0xe2); outportb(0x279, 0xf1); outportb(0x279, 0xf8); outportb(0x279, 0x7c); outportb(0x279, 0x3e); outportb(0x279, 0x9f); outportb(0x279, 0x4f); outportb(0x279, 0x27); outportb(0x279, 0x13); outportb(0x279, 0x09); outportb(0x279, 0x84); outportb(0x279, 0x42); outportb(0x279, 0xa1); outportb(0x279, 0xd0); outportb(0x279, 0x68); outportb(0x279, 0x34); outportb(0x279, 0x1a); } } how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 8 /**************************************************************************** name ip_cfg_init - plug and play register initialization. description this function initializes the pcnet-isa ii plug and play registers with a predefined set of values. in order to provide compatability with amd device drivers, this function writes the ascii ww pattern in eeprom word location 7. input global variable iobase is assumed to contain the 16-bit i/o address that will locate the target plug and play device in the i/o memory space. calls outport() - outputs a word or byte to a hardware port. function in the (borland) run-time library. arome - #define arome iobase+0xe ****************************************************************************/ void ip_cfg_init(void) { int temp; ip_cfg_w(0x02, 0x05); /* reset command. */ ip_cfg_w(0x03, 0x00); /* wake[0] command. */ ip_cfg_w(0x06, 0x01); /* set_csn[1] command. */ ip_cfg_w(0x60, (byte)((iobase & 0xff00) >> 8)); /* i/o addr: 15:8 */ ip_cfg_w(0x61, (byte)(iobase & 0x00ff)); /* i/o addr: 7:0 */ ip_cfg_w(0x70, 0x00); /* irq level: 0 = no irq selection. */ ip_cfg_w(0x71, 0); /* irq type: edge, active low. */ ip_cfg_w(0x74, 0x00); /* dma 0: channel 0. */ ip_cfg_w(0x43, 0xfe); /* mem desc 0: bit0 = 0 = disable. */ ip_cfg_w(0x4b, 0xfe); /* mem desc 1: bit0 = 0 = disable. */ ip_cfg_w(0xf0, 0x00); /* vendor (amd) defined byte. */ ip_cfg_w(0x31, 0x00); /* disable i/o range check. */ ip_cfg_w(0x30, 0x01); /* activate reg: bit0 = 1 = active. */ ip_cfg_w(0x02, 0x02); /* cfg ctl: bit1 = 1 = wait_for_key */ /* write ascii ww to pcnet-isa ii internal address prom. */ temp = ip_bcr_r(2); /* set apwen bit... */ ip_bcr_w(2, (temp | 0x0100)); /* ...in isacsr2. */ outport(arome, 0x5757); /* stuff the "ww". */ temp = ip_bcr_r(2); /* clear apwen bit... */ ip_bcr_w(2, (temp & 0xfeff)); /* ...in isacsr2. */ } how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 9 /**************************************************************************** name ip_cfg_w - plug and play register write. description this function performs a single 8-bit write to the specified plug and play register. the plug and play register number is written to the auto-configuration port (acp) at i/o address 0x0279 then the data is written to the acp data port at i/o address 0x0a79. note that per the plug and play specification, all plug and play register accesses are 8-bit. input argument how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 10 /**************************************************************************** name ip_bcr_r - bus configuration register (bcr) read. description this function performs a single 16-bit read of the specified bus configuration register. you must specify the bcr you want access. in the data sheet for the pcnet-isa ii controller, the bus configuration registers are called isa bus configuration registers (isacsrs). the new standardized name for these registers for the pcnet family is bus configuration register (bcr). input argument how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 11 /**************************************************************************** name ip_bcr_w - bus configuration register (bcr) write. description this function performs a single 16-bit write to the specified bus configuration register. you must specify the bcr you want to access and the data to be written. in the data sheet for the pcnet-isa ii controller, the bus configuration registers are called isa bus configuration registers (isacsrs). the new standardized name for these registers for the pcnet family is bus configuration register (bcr). input argument how to perform plug and play initiation key with pcnet-isa ii 12 references: ethernet/ieee 802.3 family 1994 world network data book/handbook publication id. 14287c advanced micro devices, inc. amd literature: 1-800-222-9323 am79c961a pcnet-isa ii jumperless, full duplex single-chip ethernet controller for isa data sheet. publication id. 19364 rev.a october 1994 advanced micro devices, inc. plug and play isa specification version 1.0a may 5, 1994 compuserve: go plugpl forum library file: isa10a.zip clarifications to the plug and play isa specification, version 1.0a august 9, 1994 compuserve: go plugpl forum library file: clar_i.zip /* end of application note: an013001.txt */ trademarks copyright ? 1998 advanced micro devices, inc. all rights reserved. amd, the amd logo, and combinations thereof are trademarks of advanced micro devices, inc. am186, am386, am486, am29000, b imr, eimr, eimr+, gigaphy, himib, ilacc, imr, imr+, imr2, isa-hub, mace, magic packet, pcnet, pcnet- fast , pcnet- fast +, pcnet-mobile, qfex, qfexr, quasi , quest, quiet, taxichip, tpex, and tpex plus are trademarks of advanced micro devices, inc. microsoft is a registered trademark of microsoft corporation. product names used in this publication are for identitcation purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective companies. |
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